PLA+PBAT包装袋的材质特点

在详细介绍两种材料之前，要先了解当前塑料市场的现状。在寻求从根源上解决“塑料污染”的过程中，除了寻找全新的环境友好型替代材料，很重要的一种手段就是在现有塑料材料中找到能够被环境降解，成为生态循环一个环节的环境友好型材料，这样既节省了大量的人力、物力成本投入，又能在短时间内缓解当前严峻的环境污染问题。

Before introducing the two materials in detail, it is necessary to first understand the current situation of the plastic market. In the process of seeking to fundamentally solve "plastic pollution", in addition to finding new environmentally friendly alternative materials, an important means is to find environmentally friendly materials that can be degraded by the environment and become a link in the ecological cycle in existing plastic materials. This not only saves a lot of manpower and material costs, but also can alleviate the current severe environmental pollution problem in a short period of time.

PLA+PBAT降解料自粘袋

PLA+PBAT degradable material self-adhesive bag

从可降解的视角出发，相关材料又可以分为生物降解塑料、光降解塑料、水降解塑料等，而这些降解方式中又可以按照降解程度的不同分为部分降解和全降解，通过对比各类降解机理的实用性和可操作性，生物降解脱颖而出。

From the perspective of biodegradability, relevant materials can be divided into biodegradable plastics, photo degradable plastics, water degradable plastics, etc. Among these degradation methods, partial degradation and total degradation can be divided according to the degree of degradation. By comparing the practicality and operability of various degradation mechanisms, biodegradation stands out.

其次，关于生物降解塑料的对比与选择。生物降解塑料一般包括：一、合成全生物降解高分子材料（PLA、PBAT、PBS、PPC、PGA等脂肪族聚酯及脂肪-芳香共聚酯）。二、由前面提到的降解塑料或者上述降解塑料和其他可降解物质复合而成的多组分体系，又可以分为：①上述材料之间为了调控性能与功能，而制备的多组分体系，如 PBAT/PLA/淀粉、PBAT/PLA/PCL、PBAT/PGA。②上述材料与天然矿物材料组成的复合体系，如PBAT/PLA/CaCO3，PBAT/PLA/Talc。③上述材料与环保增塑剂组成的体系，如淀粉/甘油等。

Secondly, regarding the comparison and selection of biodegradable plastics. Biodegradable plastics generally include: 1. Synthetic fully biodegradable polymer materials (PLA, PBAT, PBS, PPC, PGA and other aliphatic polyesters and fatty aromatic copolyesters). 2、 A multi-component system composed of degradable plastics or other degradable substances can be further divided into: ① multi-component systems prepared between the aforementioned materials to regulate performance and function, such as PBAT/PLA/starch, PBAT/PLA/PCL, PBAT/PGA. ② composite systems composed of the aforementioned materials and natural mineral materials, such as PBAT/PLA/CaCO3, PBAT/PLA/Talc. ③ systems composed of the aforementioned materials and environmentally friendly plasticizers, such as starch/glycerol.

PLA，又称聚丙交酯，因其多由乳酸环状二聚体（即丙交酯）开环聚合制备而得名，具有良好透明度、光泽性、性、耐酸碱性等特性，拥有良好的生物降解性能，材料性能优良，未来应用领域大，预计未来在日用品领域、纺织领域、医疗卫生等领域有大规模应用，替代市场空间广阔。

PLA， Also known as poly (lactide), it is named after the ring opening polymerization of lactic acid cyclic dimers (i.e. lactide). It has good transparency, luster, antibacterial properties, acid and alkali resistance, good biodegradability, excellent material properties, and a wide range of future applications. It is expected to have large-scale applications in the fields of daily necessities, textiles, medical and health, and has broad market space for substitution.

PBAT，是己二酸丁二醇酯和对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的共聚物，兼具PBA和PBT的特性，既有良好的延展性、断裂伸长率、耐热性和抗冲击性能，又具有优良的生物降解性。成膜性能良好，通常与PLA树脂等共混改性制成终端产品，可用于塑料包装薄膜、农用地膜、一次性用具等。

PBAT， It is a copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate, which combines the characteristics of PBA and PBT. It has good ductility, elongation at break, heat resistance, and impact resistance, as well as excellent biodegradability. Good film-forming performance, usually blended and modified with PLA resin to form terminal products, which can be used for plastic packaging films, agricultural films, disposable utensils, etc.

PLA+PBAT包装袋

PLA+PBAT packaging bag

降解塑料的产业化潜力受到性能、改性难度、合成技术和等多种因素的影响，如果某种降解塑料的短板不能够被改善，或者改善的成本过高，其产业化潜力将受到影响。

The industrialization potential of degradable plastics is influenced by various factors such as performance, modification difficulty, synthesis technology, and price. If the shortcomings of a certain degradable plastic cannot be improved, or the cost of improvement is too high, its industrialization potential will be affected.

目前来看，PLA+PBAT包装袋的产业化程度较高，也是我国目前大力发展的方向。PLA+PBAT包装袋的应用领域虽有重叠之处，但各自特点不同，比如PLA属于硬塑料，而PBAT属于软塑料，可近似看作石化产品中的聚丙烯和聚乙烯。而且，吹膜加工性差的PLA做膜袋多与韧性好的PBAT共混，可在提高吹膜加工性的同时又不损害其可生物降解性。

At present, the industrialization level of PLA+PBAT packaging bags is relatively high, which is also a direction of vigorous development in China. Although there is overlap in the application fields of PLA+PBAT packaging bags, their respective characteristics are different. For example, PLA belongs to hard plastics, while PBAT belongs to soft plastics, which can be approximated as polypropylene and polyethylene in petrochemical products. Moreover, PLA bags with poor processing ability are often blended with PBAT bags with good toughness, which can improve the processing ability of blown films without compromising their biodegradability.

因此，PLA+PBAT包装袋因其优良的应用性能和实用性成为市场选择的答案，获得市场高度认可，终迅速占据可降解塑料市场的半壁江山。

Therefore, PLA+PBAT packaging bags have become the best choice for the market due to their excellent application performance and practicality, gaining high market recognition and quickly occupying half of the biodegradable plastic market.

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